Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms: From Concept to Launch - Space Technology Library

Marc Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index. Table of Contents: Contributing Authors -- Preface -- Part I. Introduction -- 1. Developing Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms -- 1.1. Key Considerations for Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms -- 1.2. The Process of Developing Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms -- 1.3. The Iterative Verification of Structural Requirements -- 1.4. Keys to High Quality and Reduced Cost -- Part II. Requirements -- 2. Developing Mechanical Requirements and Conceptual Designs -- 2.1. Characterizing Key Requirements -- 2.2. Evaluating System Concepts -- 2.3. Identifying Areas of High Risk -- 2.4. Early Roles for the Mechanical Design Team -- 2.5. Summary: Arriving at the Best Concept -- 3. Space Mission Environments -- 3.1. Sources of Structural Loading -- 3.2. Ground Environments -- 3.3. The Space Environment for Earth-orbiting Satellites -- Part III. Analysis -- 4. Structural Mechanics -- 4.1. Statics -- 4.2. Dynamics -- 4.3. Mass Properties -- 5. Loads Analysis for Single-Degree-of-Freedom Systems -- 5.1. Introduction to Forcing Functions -- 5.2. Time-Domain Analysis for an Undamped System -- 5.3. Analysis for a Damped System -- 5.4. Base-Drive Analysis -- 5.5. Frequency-Domain Solutions -- 5.6. Loads Analysis for Base-Driven Random Vibration -- 6. Mechanics of Materials -- 6.1. Stress and Strain -- 6.2. Bending of Beams -- 6.3. Beam Deflections -- 6.4. Two-Axis Bending -- 6.5. Torsion -- 6.6. Nonlinear Effects of Axial Load on Bending Moment -- 6.7. Flat Plates -- 6.8. Pressure Vessels -- 6.9. Statically Indeterminate Structures -- 7. Flexible-Body Dynamics -- 7.1. Introduction to Modes of Vibration -- 7.2. Discrete-Mass Representations -- 7.3. Modal Strain Energy and Kinetic Energy -- 7.4. Static Reduction and Modal Coupling -- 7.5. Time-Domain Loads Analysis for Multiple Response Modes -- 7.6. Dynamic Analysis for Continuous-Mass Representations -- 7.7. Vibroacoustic Response Analysis -- 8. Strength Analysis -- 8.1. Uniaxial Stress -- 8.2. Interaction of Stresses -- 8.3. Failure Modes for Mechanically Fastened Joints -- 8.4. Compression Members with Compact, Stable Cross Sections -- 8.5. Buckling of Plates, Shells, and Members with Thin Walls -- 9. Structural Life Analysis -- 9.1. Fatigue -- 9.2. Fracture Mechanics -- 10. Thermal Effects -- 10.1. Thermal Analysis -- 10.2. Thermal Stresses and Strains -- Part IV. Verification and Quality Assurance -- 11. Developing Confidence in Mechanical Designs and Products -- 11.1. Verifying Mechanical Requirements -- 11.2. Tests for Verifying Mechanical Requirements -- 11.3. Validating Critical Analyses -- 11.4. The Sequence of Testing -- 11.5. Developing a Mechanical Verification Plan -- 11.6. Documenting Compliance -- 11.7. Gaining Confidence by Making Designs Robust -- 12. Verification Criteria -- 12.1. Structural Reliability -- 12.2. Establishing Appropriate Loads for Design -- 12.3. Strength Criteria -- 12.4. Criteria for Verifying Structural Life -- 12.5. Establishing Environments for Dynamic Tests -- 12.6. Criteria for Design and Test Temperatures -- 12.7. Summary -- 13. Ensuring Quality -- 13.1. Developing Manufacturing Processes -- 13.2. Controlling Parts, Materials, and Processes -- 13.3. Responding to Discrepancies and Damage -- 13.4. Managing and Controlling the Configuration -- 13.5. Analyzing Failures -- Part V. Design -- 14. Configuring a Spacecraft -- 14.1. Introduction to the Elements of a Spacecraft -- 14.2. The Process of Configuring a Spacecraft -- 14.3. Packaging and System Integration -- 14.4. FireSat: an Example for Configuration Development -- 14.5. Mass Properties -- 15. Conceptual Design of Structures -- 15.1. Deriving Structural Requirements from the Conceptual Configuration -- 15.2. Trade Studies for Structural Design -- 15.3. Types of Structures and Forms of Construction -- 15.4. Materials -- 15.5. Methods of Attachment -- 15.6. Arranging and Sizing Structural Members -- 16. Idealizing and Modeling Structures -- 16.1. Idealizing Structures -- 16.2. Introduction to Finite-Element Analysis -- 16.3. Effective Finite-Element Analysis -- 16.4. Quality Assurance for Finite-Element Analysis -- 17. Controlling Structural Responses -- 17.1. Introduction to Loads Control -- 17.2. Adding Passive Damping -- 17.3. Placing Components -- 17.4. Isolating Frequencies -- 17.5. Controlling the Forcing Function -- 18. Design Loads Cycles -- 18.1. Introduction to Loads Cycles -- 18.2. Calculating Loads in a Loads Cycle -- 18.3. Integrating the Loads-Cycle Process -- 19. Developing Mechanisms -- 19.1. Introduction to Space-Mission Mechanisms -- 19.2. The Mechanism Development Process -- 19.3. Developing a Mechanism Specification -- 19.4. Selecting the Mechanism Concept -- 19.5. Mechanism Components -- 19.6. Mechanism Analysis -- 19.7. Developing Reliable Mechanisms -- Part VI. Final Verification -- 20. Designing for Producibility -- 20.1. What is Producibility, and How Do We Achieve It? -- 20.2. Fabrication Processes -- 20.3. Dimensions and Tolerances -- 21. Final Verification -- 21.1. Test-Correlating the Loads-Analysis Math Model -- 21.2. The Verification Loads Cycle -- 21.3. The Decision to Launch: Weighing Our Options -- Appendixes -- A. Units and Conversion Factors -- B. Effective Verification Documentation -- C. Structural Reliability Analysis -- D. Standard Normal Probability Table -- E. Preparing for and Documenting Tests -- F. Spacecraft Integration and Test -- G. Estimating Structural Damping -- Index. Publisher Marketing: This volume describes the integral process of developing cost-effective, reliable structures and mechanical products for space programs. Processes are defined, methods are described and examples are given. It has been written by 24 engineers in the space industry, who cover the themes of (1) ensuring a successful mission, and (2) reducing total cost through good designs and intelligent risk management.