Space and Time for Kids

Can I see my past or future?Can I go back or forward in time ?Can I see my early childhood or old age?Could time run backwards?Was there a beginning of time ?Is there something called time machine?Is the universe infinite?Was Big bang an actual phenomenon?What was God (if She exists) doing before She created this universe?These are couple of questions which every kid's thinking mind comes across and unlike elementary mathematics; they do not get definitive answers. This book is an attempt to explain some of these questions to the level of inventions and discoveries happened till date. It's an endeavour to explain the complexities of the cosmos with a courageous combination of clarity and wit. Movies worldwide including Hollywood blockbusters like Interstellar, 2014 and Gravity, 2013 give the audiovisual glimpses of the space time phenomenon, but for the sake of entertainment most of them keep their focus away from reality. In other words, real scientific understanding of space and time may not be possible for kids by mere watching these movies even though it looks the easiest way out. So I thought to create a book, a handy notes for children worldwide which could really help them understand at their level of conscientiousness the complex universe in simple words and phrases. In our everyday life we rarely bother about the world around us, the universe, the galaxies and the reason of their existence. And rightly so, as we hardly know their effect on our lives, if at all. We hardly think about the most prominent source of life all around us, the sun - its light and heat. Do we ever care in our daily life about the gravity which is helping us glued to our mother earth, else we would have been thrown off into space away from Earth's atmosphere. Whose imagination has not been stirred by a mysterious sense of the vastness of the universe? What man has looked up at the dark sky glittering with its myriads of stars and not been awed by the glamour of outer space? Whose heart has not been moved by the majestic splendour of the nocturnal heavens?All material bodies have a certain extension: length, breadth, height. They are variously placed in relation to each other and constitute parts of one or another system. Space is a form of coordination of coexisting objects and states of matter. It consists in the fact that objects are extraposed to one another (alongside, beside, beneath, above, within, behind, in front, etc.) and have certain quantitative relationships. The order of coexistence of these objects and their states forms the structure of space. The dimension of time can be measured only with the help of certain standards (in seconds. minutes, hours, days, years, centuries, etc.), that is to say, motions that are accepted as being even. The perception of time also allows us to assess the sequence and duration of events. Depending on our subjective sensations such as merriment or grief, pleasure or boredom, time seems either short or long. Time is a form of coordination of objects and states of matter in their succession. It consists in the fact that every state is a consecutive link in a process and has certain quantitative relations with other states. The order of succession of these objects and states forms the structure of time. Einstein in his general theory of relativity in 1915 described gravity in a very unconventional way. It was not a force, as Sir Isaac Newton had supposed, but a consequence of the space and time distortion, conceived together in his theory as 'space-time'. Any object distorts the fabric of space-time and the bigger it is, the greater the effect. Just as a bowling ball placed on a trampoline. This book is not going to use jargons like Schrödinger's cat, the Twin Paradox and E = mc^2 to intimidate the readers but this doesn't mean those complex issues will not be covered. Rather simplistic approach will be taken to explain the complex concepts.