Novel Routes for the Synthesis of Thiazolidine-2,4-diones: Catalysis, Ionic Liquid, Metal Nps, Ct Complexes, Nanopolymers

Diabetes mellitus is a complex, progressive lifestyle disease resulting in chronic hyperglycemia, which in turn adversely affects function of the kidneys, eyes, nervous and vascular systems. The classical antidiabetic agent sulphonylurea, biguanides have lots of side effects like mild to moderate hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, increased cardiovascular mortality, transient nausea, anorexia or diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, and metallic taste etc. Various 5-substituted thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives are also known to potentially act on PPARs. There has been a surge of interest in the development of novel antihyperglycemic agents that can reverse the insulin resistance in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type II) patients. The use of green technologies and novel catalysts and green solvents have recently gained interest in an attempt to avoid solvents like toluene, methylene chloride etc. used in organic synthesis which are known to cause health and environmental problems. Therefore to identify new routes of the synthesis of thiazolidine-2,4-dione and its derivatives using metal nanoparticles in green solvents is the main aim of the present work.